What is the process called in which current is induced by moving a loop of wire in a magnetic field?

The process in which a current is induced by moving a loop of wire in a magnetic field is known as electromagnetic induction. This principle is based on Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction, which states that a change in the magnetic environment of a coil of wire will induce an electromotive force (EMF) in the coil.

When the loop of wire moves through a magnetic field, the magnetic flux passing through the loop changes. This change in magnetic flux causes electrons in the wire to move, thus generating an electric current. Electromagnetic induction is a fundamental concept used in many applications, including electric generators and transformers.

Contextually, other terms like electromagnetic conduction, electrostatic induction, and magnetic induction are distinct and do not accurately describe the phenomenon of inducing current through motion in a magnetic field. Electromagnetic conduction refers to the process of electricity flowing through a conductor, which is different. Electrostatic induction deals with the influence of static electric fields on charges, while magnetic induction typically refers to the process by which a material becomes magnetized in the presence of a magnetic field, rather than the generation of electric current. Thus, electromagnetic induction is the precise term reflecting the described interaction in the question.